An ovarian cyst usually only causes symptoms if it ruptures
Aetiology
- Commonly occur in functional cysts
- May also occur dermoid or endometrioma
- Rupture can be spontaneous or after trauma (SI, contact sports)
Clinical presentation
Symptoms
- Most common cause of acute pelvic pain in an afebrile, premenopausal women
Signs
- May be rebound tenderness
- Haemorrhage from a cyst can (rarely) be severe enough to cause shock)
Investigations
- Ultrasound - shows whether rupture has occured and whether the cyst is haemorrhagic
Management
- Treated conservatively in a premenopausal woman unless evidence of hypovolaemic shock
- A haemorrhagic cyst or ruptured cyst in a postmenopausal woman deserves surgical evaluation
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