Macular Hole

Central small break in the macula

Aetiology

  • Idiopathic
  • Secondary e.g. due to vitreous detachment, trauma

Clinical presentation

  • Metamorphopsia
  • Central visual field losses
  • Severe reduction of visual acuity

Investigations

Fundoscopy

  • Depending on the stage, a subfoveal spot or ring can be noted
  • In more advanced cases, a partial or full-thickness macular break is observed
notion image

Management

  • There are conservative, medical and surgical options depending on the stage of the hole