Outcome of acute inflammation is dependent on:
- Site of injury (capacity for repair)
- Type of injury (severity, pathogenic organisms)
- Duration of injury
Resolution
- Complete restoration of the tissue to normal after the removal of inflammatory components
- Erosions and abrasions - injury with basement membrane intact
- Heal rapidly with complete resolution
Suppuration
- Formation of pus - neutrophils, bacteria, inflammatory debris
- Empyema: space filled by pus and walled off
Repair, organisation and fibrosis
- Organisation: scarring
- Most likely if:
- Lots of necrosis
- Lots of fibrin
- Poor blood supply
- Damage goes beyond basement membrane
Chronic inflammation
- Favoured if:
- Suppuration, scarring
- Persistence of injury
- Infectious agent
- Type of injury - autoimmune, transplant rejection
- Characterized by lymphocytes and macrophages
Granuloma
- Aggregate of epithelioid histiocytes (macrophages)
- Associated with foreign bodies - endogenous and exogenous
- Also associated with specific infections e.g. parasites, TB